For some time, employers have been asking the IRS to allow them to make certain 401(k) changes during the middle of the plan year without violating the federal tax code. Now the agency has responded to those requests.
In Notice 2016-16, the IRS has spelled out a number of routine changes to “safe harbor” 401(k) plans employers can make midyear without violating the tax code as long as the required participant election and notice periods are given. In addition to highlighting allowable changes, the feds’ notice also listed the prohibited midyear changes to 401(k) plans.
As HR pros know, when 401(k) plans use a safe harbor, the plans aren’t subject to many of the onerous and time-consuming nondiscrimination testing that plans that aren’t under a safe harbor must do conform.
A few of the major midyear changes that the IRS is now allowing include: minor adjustments to employer matching amounts or a switch in the default investment fund. Prior to this IRS Notice, plan sponsors were required to wait a full 12-months to make these plan changes.
Finally, this notice negates the agency’s previous guidance on the subject, IRS Announcement 2007-59.
What’s still prohibited?
While employers will no doubt focus most of their attention on what’s OK now, it’s also important to note the midyear changes that are still prohibited by the IRS. These include:
- increasing the number of completed years of service required for an employee to have a nonforteitable right to his account balance under qualified automatic contribution arrangements
- reducing or narrowing the group of employees eligible to receive safe harbor contributions
- switching the type of safe harbor plan — e.g., moving from a traditional 401(k) plan to a QACA safe harbor plan, and
- the modification of, or addition of, a formula used to determine matching contributions, if the change increases the amount of matching contributions.
